In mathematics, the base-b cologarithm, sometimes shortened to colog, of a number is the base-b logarithm of the reciprocal of the number. It is equal to the negative base-b logarithm of the number.
The cologarithm in base b of a number is also equal to the logarithm of the same number having the reciprocal of b as the base:
In chemistry, a decimal cologarithm is indicated by the letter p. This usage originated with the quantity pH, defined as –log10 [H3O+]. Based on pH, the quantity pKa was later defined as –log10 Ka